生物医药行业术语如何用英文进行解释？

生物医药行业术语的英文解释对于非专业人士来说可能显得晦涩难懂，但对于从事该行业的人来说，掌握这些术语的英文表达是非常必要的。以下是一些常见生物医药行业术语及其英文解释：

Biotechnology（生物技术）
- The application of biological processes to technology, especially in medicine and agriculture. It involves the use of living organisms to develop or create products, processes, or services.
Pharmaceuticals（药品）
- Substances used for the treatment, prevention, or diagnosis of diseases. This includes both prescription and over-the-counter medications.
Biopharmaceuticals（生物制药）
- Medicines that are made using living cells, such as vaccines, blood factors, and proteins used in cancer treatments. They are often referred to as "biologics."
Genetic Engineering（基因工程）
- The direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology. This can involve inserting, deleting, or modifying genes to achieve desired traits.
Gene Therapy（基因治疗）
- A technique used to treat diseases by altering the genes in a patient's cells. The goal is to replace a defective gene with a healthy one or to inactivate a gene that is causing problems.
Monoclonal Antibodies（单克隆抗体）
- Proteins that are made in the laboratory and that can identify and bind to specific molecules on the surface of cells. They are used in cancer immunotherapy and other treatments.
Biological Drug（生物药）
- A therapeutic agent that is derived from a living organism, such as a bacterium, plant, or human. They are often proteins or peptides.
Biocompatibility（生物相容性）
- The ability of a material to perform without causing adverse biological reactions in the body. This is particularly important for medical devices and implants.
Regenerative Medicine（再生医学）
- A branch of translational medicine that focuses on the regeneration, repair, or replacement of tissues and organs. It aims to restore function to damaged or diseased tissues.
Bioprocessing（生物工艺）
- The conversion of biological materials into useful products. This includes the development of processes for the production of biopharmaceuticals, vaccines, and other biological products.
Pharmacology（药理学）
- The science of drugs and their actions. It is concerned with the study of drug composition, properties, effects, and uses.
Clinical Trials（临床试验）
- Research studies that involve human subjects and are designed to answer specific questions about new treatments or new uses of known treatments. They are conducted to determine the safety and efficacy of new drugs and therapies.
Bioreactors（生物反应器）
- Vessels used in biotechnology to grow cells, bacteria, or other organisms. They are used to produce large quantities of biological substances, such as proteins or vaccines.
Biologics License Application (BLA)（生物制品许可申请）
- A formal request to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for approval to market a new drug or biological product. For biologics, this is the equivalent of a new drug application (NDA).
Immunotherapy（免疫治疗）
- A type of cancer treatment that uses the patient's own immune system to fight cancer. It can involve the use of antibodies, vaccines, or other substances to stimulate or enhance the immune response.
Biodefense（生物防御）
- The protection of the public from biological threats, including infectious diseases and bioterrorism. It involves the development of vaccines, treatments, and other measures to prevent and respond to biological attacks.
Biological Safety Cabinet (BSC)（生物安全柜）
- A specialized enclosed workspace that provides a sterile environment for working with potentially hazardous biological materials. It protects the worker from exposure and prevents contamination of the environment.
Translational Research（转化研究）
- The process of turning scientific discoveries into practical applications that improve health care. It involves the translation of basic research into clinical trials and new treatments.
Biobank（生物样本库）
- A collection of biological samples, such as blood, tissue, and DNA, that are stored and used for research. They are essential for studies on diseases, genetic variation, and other health-related topics.
Personalized Medicine（个性化医疗）
- A medical approach that takes into account individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle for each patient. It aims to provide the most effective treatments for individuals based on their unique characteristics.

These terms are just a glimpse into the vast vocabulary of the biopharmaceutical industry. Understanding and being able to use these terms in English is crucial for anyone involved in the field, whether they are scientists, healthcare professionals, business executives, or regulatory officials. As the industry continues to evolve, so too will the language used to describe its innovations and advancements.